WHAT IS AN OIL SPILL?
An oil spill is an incident that occurs during the exploitation, processing, and transportation of petroleum and petroleum products (such as pipeline leaks, ship accidents, drilling rig accidents, etc.) that results in oil escaping, polluting the environment and negatively affecting the ecosystem. In the process of production and business activities using petroleum, oil spills are inevitable. Therefore, in order to minimize the impact of incidents on the environment, depending on the level of oil spill, the units exploiting, using, and transporting petroleum, etc. need to establish an appropriate Oil Spill Response Plan.
Oil Spills at Sea
1. OIL SPILLS AND OIL SPILL RESPONSE PLAN
Oil spills are the phenomenon of oil escaping from various storage and transportation vehicles or from oil works and fields into the natural environment due to technical incidents, natural disasters or human-caused incidents.
The oil spill response plan is the basis for implementation, deployment of forces, equipment and means on site when an oil spill occurs as well as coordination between relevant units. The plan is drafted and built based on the possibility of possible situations, closely following reality to propose preventive measures and plans to be ready to respond quickly and effectively to oil spills, minimizing the level of pollution to the environment and at the same time defining the tasks of each department and individual involved in coordinating incident response, as well as responsibilities in handling situations within the scope of management. From there, the plan will include regulations on necessary work, procedures that need to be performed (reporting, communication, how to handle situations, etc.) when an incident occurs.
The process of oil spreading in water
2. SUBJECTS REQUIRING OIL SPILL RESPONSE PLAN
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Petroleum trading establishments;
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Outdoor oil and gas facilities and projects;
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Oil spill response centers;
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Oil tankers with a total capacity of 150 tons or more, other types of ships with a total capacity of 400 tons or more;
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Vietnamese oil tankers with a total capacity of 150 tons or more participating in the transfer of oil between ships on Vietnamese seas.
3. RESPONSE LEVELS, LEVELS AND CONTENTS OF OIL SPILL RESPONSE PLAN
Preventing oil from spreading on the water surface
3.1 Response levels:
Based on Article 5 of Decision No. 02/2013/QD-TTg Promulgating the Regulations on Oil Spill Response Activities dated January 14, 2013, the classification of oil spill response is divided into 3 levels:
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Facility level: is an incident occurring at a facility, the facility owner must be responsible for organizing and commanding his/her forces, means and equipment to promptly respond.
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Regional level: is a case where the incident exceeds the response capacity of the facility, the People's Committee of the province where the incident occurs must be responsible for directly commanding the scene to organize the response according to the plan.
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National level: is a case where the incident is particularly serious, exceeding the capacity of the locality, the National Committee for Incident, Disaster Response and Search and Rescue must directly direct and coordinate with relevant agencies to organize the response.
3.2 Oil spill extent:
Oil spill from a stranded ship (Photo source: Dantri.com.vn)
According to Article 6 of Decision 02/2013/QD-TTg, oil spills are classified according to the total volume of oil spilled at 3 levels, specifically:
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Small level is an incident with an oil spill of less than 20 tons.
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Medium level is an incident with an oil spill of 20 to 500 tons.
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Large level is an incident with an oil spill of over 500 tons.
4. CONTENTS OF OIL SPILL RESPONSE PLAN
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Describe the activities of the facility and project;
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Evaluate potential sources that may cause oil spills;
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Evaluate areas that may be impacted and affected by oil spills;
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Means, equipment and personnel involved in incident response;
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Procedures for organizing and implementing response;
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Response organization structure, responsibilities and tasks when an incident occurs;
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Procedures for organizing, implementing, controlling incidents and ending response activities;
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Plan for providing training and training to prepare for drills and update the oil spill response implementation plan.
Image of Nam Song Hau Petroleum Corporation in the Oil Spill Response Plan implemented by Nano Construction - Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.
To minimize risks and negative impacts on the environment, causing damage to people and property caused by oil spills, it is necessary to develop an Oil Spill Response Plan. This helps investors feel secure in production and business in the field related to petroleum and can respond promptly when oil spills occur.
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