1. Introduction to Biogas Digester
The Biogas Digester is a structure designed to contain the waste produced by livestock such as pigs, cows, and chickens in farms of varying sizes, including both large-scale operations and small-scale household farms. Within these facilities, where there is a significant quantity of animal waste, organic matter undergoes decomposition, converting it into Biogas through the action of anaerobic microorganisms present in an oxygen-deprived environment. Despite this decomposition process, a substantial portion of the nutrients in the waste is retained, serving agricultural production purposes.
2. Principles of Operation
Composite Biogas Tank Installation Diagram
The Biogas Digester operates based on the activity of anaerobic bacteria, decomposing organic matter through the following stages:
Hydrolysis Stage: The organic compounds present in the waste, mostly consisting of molecules such as proteins, fats, cellulose (C6H10O5)n, lignin, and some insoluble substances, undergo hydrolysis. During this stage, external enzymes (produced by bacteria) break down these compounds.
In this stage, organic compounds undergo hydrolysis, transforming proteins into amino acids, cellulose (C6H10O5)n into simple sugars, and fats into long-chain fatty acids. However, cellulose (C6H10O5)n and lignin are challenging to break down into simple organic compounds. The products of stage I are small organic molecules, soluble in water, which serve as substrates for bacteria in stage II within the anaerobic chamber.
Acidogenesis Stage: In stage II, simple organic compounds are converted by bacteria such as Acidogenic and Acetogenic bacteria into CH3COOH (acetic acid), along with H2 and CO2. The proportion of products depends on the microbial community within the digester and environmental conditions.
Methanogenesis Stage: In stage III, products from stage II are further transformed into CH4 (methane) and other byproducts by a group of methane-producing bacteria. These bacteria utilize CH3COOH, CH3OH, CO2, and H2 to produce CH4. The primary precursor for producing 70% of CH4 is CH3COOH. The remaining portion is produced from CO2 and H2, with a small amount from CH2O2, although this contribution is minor in the overall methane production process.
3. Why should farmers use biogas digesters?
The implementation of biogas digesters in the lives of livestock farmers is one of the beneficial initiatives that bring significant value to both humans and the environment:
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In order to reduce environmental pollution and neutralize pathogens caused by waste from livestock: Farmers can apply biogas digesters in livestock farming to reduce odors, eliminate eggs of worms, flukes, and pathogens from animal waste. This is because, during the anaerobic digestion process, the waste is kept under anaerobic conditions for 10 to 60 days. These conditions contribute to the inactivation of bacteria, viruses, protozoa, and parasitic organisms that cause diseases.
Using biogas pits in livestock farming helps protect the environment
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Creating a source of renewable energy on-site: harnessing biogas for cooking and lighting (using oil lamps) on a large scale, such as on farms. Biogas technology has created a sustainable source of renewable energy (from biomass) to partially replace the use of increasingly scarce fossil fuels.
Benefits of using Biogas pits
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Generating a large quantity of high-quality organic fertilizer for crops and soil improvement: Biogas production contributes to waste management and provides an additional option for reusing organic matter. The anaerobic digestion process does not deplete the nutrients in the waste but transforms them into suitable inorganic organic compounds for plant absorption.
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Additionally, Biogas digesters reduce greenhouse gas emissions and mitigate global warming: during biogas production, methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from untreated livestock manure are reduced. Burning biogas produces CO2, which is absorbed by plants through photosynthesis, generating oxygen for humans.
Through the knowledge shared above, Nanoen hopes that customers can better understand the benefits that Biogas digesters bring to their lives. Applying Biogas digesters in livestock farming helps minimize economic costs, maintain a green and clean environment, and prevent dangerous diseases.
A reputable provider of environmental dossier services and construction, operation, maintenance, and servicing of wastewater treatment systems
Nanoen is a reputable provider of environmental dossier services and construction of wastewater treatment systems. Over the years, Nanoen has earned the trust of customers through honesty, dedication, and responsibility towards both customers and company products. With experienced staff, Nanoen offers comprehensive services from environmental dossier consulting to design and construction, operation of environmental treatment systems, provision of microbial products, and sludge dewatering services.
Nanoen is committed to providing the best service experience tailored to the needs of customers.
Nanoen
NANO ENVIRONMENT TECHNOLOGY - CONSTRUCTION LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY
Address: 661E/29, Vo Van Kiet Street, Binh Yen A Quarter, Long Hoa Ward, Binh Thuy District, Can Tho City
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