Basic parameters such as pH, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD,... are indicators to evaluate wastewater quality and have a certain impact on treatment efficiency. Therefore, controlling these input values before treatment is very necessary to calculate and adjust parameters during operation.
To create suitable conditions for the biological treatment process, the first task before operating the biological treatment cluster is to check the parameters of input pollutants. The operator needs to check parameters such as: pH, SS, BOD/COD ratio, BOD5: N: P ratio, concentration of toxins (if any). Then, if there are unsuitable parameters, it is necessary to determine the need for pre-treatment to remove and adjust them before entering the biological treatment cluster.
Enzymes that control biochemical reactions are highly pH dependent. Therefore, the pH of the activated sludge tank should be maintained between 7.0 and 7.5. If the influent wastewater has a pH that is not within the appropriate range for bacteria (6.5 and 8.5), the pH must be adjusted to the appropriate range.
During the process of wastewater nitrification, bacteria need alkalinity because they use alkalinity as a carbon source for their metabolism, so if wastewater nitrification is required, it must be checked to ensure that there is enough alkalinity for these bacteria.
For the biological treatment cluster to operate effectively, the wastewater entering the activated sludge tank must have an SS concentration of ≤ 150 mg/L. Therefore, if the wastewater entering the activated sludge tank has a SS concentration higher than this level, we have the following solutions:
If the system does not have a suspended solids removal stage such as a primary sedimentation tank or a flotation tank, the enterprise should build an additional primary sedimentation tank or a flotation tank to bring the SS concentration below the critical level.
If the system already has a primary settling tank and the SS of the inlet wastewater of the primary settling tank is less than 500 mg/L. But after settling the wastewater still has SS >150 mg/L, it is necessary to re-check the design and operating parameters of the primary settling tank. Then, adjust the operating parameters or add a flocculation tank before the primary settling tank.
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Organic substances and nutrients necessary for microorganisms in wastewater
The settling ability of flocs depends on the F/M ratio and the age of the sludge. Sludge will settle well when the bacterial cells are in the state of intracellular respiration.
Regarding the amount of food provided to microorganisms, people calculate according to the amount of food provided to microorganisms in a day and express it by the F/M ratio. The system reaches equilibrium when the amount of food F and the amount of bacteria M are at a level suitable for the operating conditions of the system. F/M is used to control the biological oxidation and gas production process by maintaining the growth of microorganisms in the log phase or intracellular decomposition phase
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Microbiological toxic substances in wastewater
Operators need to consider the production process to predict which toxic substances may be present in the wastewater. If there are toxic substances, it is necessary to analyze the concentration of the substances to see if they exceed the toxic threshold for microorganisms. If they exceed the threshold, appropriate measures need to be taken to bring their concentrations below the toxic threshold.
The toxicity of wastewater can be identified by examining the microbial population in the tank:
Through the above article, Nanoen hopes that your business has learned more about the input parameters of the biological treatment cluster that need to be checked. Checking the input parameters of the biological treatment cluster helps businesses limit microbiological incidents in the system, helping the output wastewater meet standards and the microbiological system operate stably.
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